chinadaily政府工作报告

chinadaily政府工作报告篇一：Chinadaily3月新闻热词

China daily 3月新闻热词

first lady effect第一夫人效应

domestic apparel brands国产服装品牌

马航失联乘客家属考虑“集体诉讼”

A committee representing the families of the Chinese passengers on the missing Malaysia Airlines jetliner is in touch with the Ribbeck Law firm in Chicago about filing a group lawsuit against the airline.

马航失联航班中国乘客家属委员会正就对该航空公司提起集体诉讼一事与芝加哥瑞贝克律师事务所进行接洽。

集体诉讼group lawsuit/class action

通过法律手段索赔seek legal recourse

调查申请filed a petition for discovery

《蒙特利尔公约》The Montreal Convention

空气穹顶air dome

空气质量指数AQI Air Quality Index

空气环境监控仪air quality monitor

互联网金融的监管Internet financing regulation

底线思维bottom-line thinking

二维码支付业务QR code payments

虚拟信用卡virtual credit card

快捷支付one-off money transfers

单笔交易single purchase

保定确定将承接北京“功能疏解”

Beijing's neighboring Hebei province is planning to step up development of Baoding city as preparations are made to transfer some government functions there from congested Beijing.

北京邻省河北计划加快发展保定市，以准备好承接过度拥挤的首都北京的部分政府功能的转移。

functional dispersal功能疏解

functional transfer功能转移

deputy political center政治副中心

administrative organs行政机构

colleges and universities高等院校

research institutions科研院所

medical and nursing services医疗养老机构

coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region京津冀地区的协同发展

雾霾险smog insurance

空气污染指数air pollution index

旅游雾霾险haze/smog travel insurance

保费premium

可保利益insurable interest

大数法则law of large numbers

防雾霾口罩anti-smog face mask，

3M N95 face mask（3M牌N95型口罩）

disposable face mask一次性口罩）

filtering particulate matter过滤颗粒物

enabling easy breathing呼吸顺畅

cotton masks with filters in them夹带滤芯的纯棉口罩

coal-burning power plants and outdated factories燃煤发电厂和老旧工厂

premature deaths过早死亡

中国的“核安全观”

第三届核安全峰会24日在荷兰海牙举行。中国国家主席习近平出席并发表重要讲话，介绍中国核安全措施和成就，阐述中国关于发展和安全并重、权利和义务并重、自主和协作并重、治标和治本并重的核安全观，呼吁国际社会携手(转 载 于:wWw.HnnsCY.cOM 博文学习网:chinadaily政府工作报告)合作，实现核能持久安全和发展。

Chinese President Xi Jinping elaborated on his country's approach to nuclear security

at the third Nuclear Security Summit (NSS) on Monday, urging global cooperation for nuclear energy's lasting security and development.

中国国家主席习近平周一在第三届核安全峰会上阐述了中国的核安全观，呼吁国际社会携手合作，实现核能持久安全和发展。

中国的“核安全观”（approach to nuclear security）具体包括四个方面的内容：发展和安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业（the world should place equal emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the premise of security）；权利和义务并重，以尊重各国权益为基础推进国际核安全进程（rights and obligations should be given same attention, and rights and interests ought to be recognized with international nuclear security process being pushed forward）；自主和协作并重，以互利共赢为途径寻求普遍核安全（the international community should attach equal importance to independent and collaborative efforts, and seek universal nuclear security through win-win cooperation）；治标和治本并重，以消除根源为目标全面推进核安全努力（the world should place equal emphasis on treating symptoms and causes, and advance the nuclear security endeavor in all respects in a bid to remove risks at the root）。

为防患于未然，中国全面采取了核安全保障举措，着力提高核安全技术水平，提高核安全应急能力（improved technology and emergency response），对全国核设施开展了全面安全检查（conducted comprehensive nuclear security checks on nuclear facilities across the country），确保所有核材料和核设施得到有效安全保障。 children's safety seats儿童安全座椅

front passenger seat副驾驶座位

parking spaces停车位

我国将实现“两种模式高考”

Lu Xin, vice-minister of education, said China will combine the current vocational training system with academic higher education and establish different models for each in the National College Entrance Examination, or gaokao.

教育部副部长鲁昕表示，我国拟将现行的职业教育体系和学术性高等教育相结

合，分别建立不同的高考模式。

我国即将出台的两种高考模式（models of National College Entrance Examination）分别为技术技能人才的高考（exam for technically inclined students）和学术型人才的高考（exam for academic students）。前者考察学生的技能（technical skills）和文化知识（textbook knowledge），后者与现行高考考察方式一致。 转基因奶牛genetically modified dairy cow，简称GM cow。

Mastitis乳腺炎

dairy cattle乳畜

foot-and-mouth disease口蹄疫

bird flu禽流感

swine fever猪瘟

transgenic animals转基因动物

中山装Zhongshan suit

1925年孙中山逝世后，中山装被赋予了一层革命和爱国的理念。四个兜代表《管子》中的“四维”：礼、义、廉、耻；正中间的五颗纽扣代表中华民国根据《宪法》设立的五个院：立法、监察、考试、行政以及司法；袖口的三颗纽扣代表孙中山的“三民主义”：民族、民权、民生。最后，西式服装通常都由两层布料做成，而中山装只用一块布料制成，代表中国的团结与和平。

第一夫人外交first lady diplomacy

柔性外交soft diplomacy

新型大国关系”a new model of China-US relationship

股票涨停hit limit up

京津冀协同发展coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei(以北京、天津为双中心。)

首都经济圈capital economic circle

清新指数fresh air index

生态旅游景区eco-tourism attractions

负氧离子指数healthy air measurements

地形掩护Terrain masking

空战aerial combat

极低空飞行flying at extremely low elevations

降低被防空武器anti-air weapoy

可能的飞行路线potential path

军用雷达数据military radar data

缩小搜索范围narrow down the search area

从计划航线偏离divert from its scheduled course

手动操作manual control

人民币兑美元“汇率波幅”扩大

The yuan eased against the US dollar in the first trading day after China doubled the currency's daily trading band to 2 percent - a move intended to increase volatility and break one-way appreciation.

人民币兑美元汇率波幅由1%扩大至2%后的首个交易日出现人民币兑美元贬值的行情。央行扩大汇率波幅意在增强汇率波动弹性并打破单边升值局面。

人民币兑美元汇率波幅daily trading ban 指在央行设定的人民币兑美元汇率中间价（central parity rate）基础上，人民币兑美元在每个交易日内的汇率波动幅度 现汇买入价之差the spread between selling and buying rates

exchange rate reform汇改

one-way appreciation单边升值

reform of the market-based exchange rate formation mechanisms汇率市场化形成机制改革

bi-directional volatility双向波动

physical education test体育考试

the national college entrance exam高考

baton指挥棒

extracurricular sports activities课外体育活动

fatty liver脂肪肝

chinadaily政府工作报告篇二：十八大报告全文中英文对照

坚定不移沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进 为全面建成小康社会而奋斗

——在中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会上的报告

(2012年11月8日）

胡锦涛

FIRMLY MARCH ON THE PATH OF SOCIALISM WITH CHINESE

CHARACTERISTICS AND STRIVE TO COMPLETE THE BUILDING OF A

MODERATELY PROSPEROUS SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS

Report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China

on Nov 8,

同志们：

现在，我代表第十七届中央委员会向大会作报告。

Comrades,

I now wish to deliver the following report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on behalf of the Seventeenth Party Central Committee. 中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会，是在我国进入全面建成小康社会决定性阶段召开的一次十分重要的大会。大会的主题是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗臶，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，解放思想，改革开放，凝聚力量，攻坚克难，坚定不移沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进，为全面建成小康社会而奋斗。

The Eighteenth National Congress is one of great importance being held when China has entered the decisive stage of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The underlying theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance

of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development, free up the mind, implement the policy of reform and opening up, pool our strength, overcome all difficulties, firmly march on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and strive to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

此时此刻，我们有一个共同的感觉：经过九十多年艰苦奋斗，我们党团结带领全国各族人民，把贫穷落后的旧中国变成日益走向繁荣富强的新中国，中华民族伟大复兴展现出光明前景。我们对党和人民创造的历史伟业倍加自豪，对党和人民确立的理想信念倍加坚定，对党肩负的历史责任倍加清醒。

At this moment when I address you, we are convinced that thanks to over 90 years of hard struggle, our Party has rallied and led the people of all ethnic groups of the country in turning the poor and backward old China into an increasingly prosperous and powerful new China and opening up bright prospects for the great renewal of the Chinese nation. We are all the more proud of the historic achievements of the Party and the people, we are all the more firm in the ideal and conviction of the Party and the people, and we are all the more aware of the historic responsibility of the Party.

当前，世情、国情、党情继续发生深刻变化，我们面临的发展机遇和风险挑战前所未有。全党一定要牢记人民信任和重托，更加奋发有为、兢兢业业地工作，继续推动科学发展、促进社会和谐，继续改善人民生活、增进人民福祉，完成时代赋予的光荣而艰巨的任务。

At present, as the global, national and our Party's conditions continue to undergo profound changes, we are faced with unprecedented opportunities for development as well as risks and challenges unknown before. The whole Party must keep in mind the trust the people have placed in us and the great expectation they have of us. We must aim higher and work harder and continue to pursue development in a

scientific way, promote social harmony, and improve the people's lives so as to complete the glorious and arduous tasks bestowed on us by the times.

一、过去五年的工作和十年的基本总结

I. Our Work in the Past Five Years and the Basic Experience We Have Gained in the Past Ten Years

十七大以来的五年，是我们在中国特色社会主义道路上奋勇前进的五年，是我们经受住各种困难和风险考验、夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利的五年。

Over the past five years since the Seventeenth Party Congress, we have marched boldly on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. During these five years, we have overcome numerous difficulties and risks and achieved new successes in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

十七大对推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、实现全面建设小康社会宏伟目标作出全面部署。为贯彻十七大精神，中央先后召开七次全会，分别就深化行政管理体制改革、推进农村改革发展、加强和改进新形势下党的建设、制定“十二五”规划、推进文化改革发展等关系全局的重大问题作出决定和部署。五年来，我们胜利完成“十一五”规划，顺利实施“十二五”规划，各方面工作都取得新的重大成就。

The Seventeenth Party Congress adopted a comprehensive plan for promoting reform and opening up and socialist modernization and attaining the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. To implement this decision of the Seventeenth Party Congress, the Central Committee has held seven plenary sessions, at which decisions were made and implementing steps adopted on the following issues of underlying importance: deepening reform of the administrative system, promoting rural reform and development, improving and strengthening Party building in a new environment, formulating the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and promoting reform and development of the cultural sector. During the past five years,

we have fulfilled the goals of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and made good progress in implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and we have made new and major achievements in all fields of our work.

经济平稳较快发展。综合国力大幅提升，二０一一年国内生产总值达到四十七点三万亿元。财政收入大幅增加。农业综合生产能力提高，粮食连年增产。产业结构调整取得新进展，基础设施全面加强。城镇化水平明显提高，城乡区域发展协调性增强。创新型国家建设成效显著，载人航天、探月工程、载人深潜、超级计算机、高速铁路等实现重大突破。生态文明建设扎实展开，资源节约和环境保护全面推进。 The economy has developed steadily and rapidly. China's overall national strength has grown considerably. The gross domestic product (GDP) reached 47.3 trillion yuan in 2011, and government revenue increased by a wide margin. The overall agricultural production capacity has increased and grain output has gone up year after year. Fresh progress has been made in adjusting the industrial structure, and the infrastructure has been extensively upgraded. Urbanization has been steadily advanced, and development between urban and rural areas and between regions has become better balanced. Notable progress has been made in making China an innovative country, and major breakthroughs have been made in manned spaceflights, the lunar exploration program, and in the development of a manned deep-sea submersible, supercomputers and high-speed railways. Solid steps have been taken to promote ecological progress, and comprehensive progress has been made in resource conservation and environmental protection.

改革开放取得重大进展。农村综合改革、集体林权制度改革、国有企业改革不断深化，非公有制经济健康发展。现代市场体系和宏观调控体系不断健全，财税、金融、价格、科技、教育、社会保障、医药卫生、事业单位等改革稳步推进。开放型经济达到新水平，进出口总额跃居世界第二位。

Major progress has been registered in reform and opening up. China's overall rural reform, the reform in tenure of collective forests and the reform of state-owned

enterprises have been deepened, and the non-public sector of the economy has registered sound growth. The country's modern market system and macro-regulatory system have been steadily improved, and its reform of finance and taxation, banking, prices, science and technology, education, social security, medicine and public health, and public institutions has progressed steadily. China's open economy has reached a new level, and its import and export volume now ranks second in the world.

人民生活水平显著提高。改善民生力度不断加大，城乡就业持续扩大，居民收入较快增长，家庭财产稳定增加，衣食住行用条件明显改善，城乡最低生活保障标准和农村扶贫标准大幅提升，企业退休人员基本养老金持续提高。

Living standards have been significantly improved. Efforts to improve the people's wellbeing have been intensified; urban and rural employment has continued to increase; individual income has increased rapidly; household assets have grown steadily; people's need for daily necessities such as clothing, food, housing and transportation is better met; subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and the rural poverty line have been raised by a big margin; and basic pensions for enterprise retirees have increased continually.

民主法制建设迈出新步伐。政治体制改革继续推进。实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表。基层民主不断发展。中国特色社会主义法律体系形成，社会主义法治国家建设成绩显著。爱国统一战线巩固壮大。行政体制改革深化，司法体制和工作机制改革取得新进展。

New strides have been made in developing democracy and the legal system. Further progress has been made in reforming the political structure. Urban and rural deputies to people's congresses are now elected on the basis of the same population ratio. Community-level democracy has steadily developed. The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics has been established, and notable achievements have been made in building a socialist country based on the rule of law. The patriotic united front has been consolidated and expanded. The reform of the

chinadaily政府工作报告篇三：china daily

1.保定确定将承接北京“功能疏解”

Beijing's neighboring Hebei province is planning to step up development of Baoding city as preparations are made to transfer some government functions there from congested Beijing.

北京邻省河北计划加快发展保定市，以准备好承接过度拥挤的首都北京的部分政府功能的转移。

保定将成为北京的functional dispersal（功能疏解）或functional transfer（功能转移）的承接地。就在不久前，人们还在为保定是否将成为北京的deputy political center（政治副中心）而议论纷纷，而现在这一消息已经被证实。

根据周三发布的文件，计划要从北京迁移到保定的有administrative organs（行政机构）、colleges and universities（高等院校）、research institutions（科研院所）和medical and nursing services（医疗养老机构）。

北京向保定的功能疏解有利于coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region（京津冀地区的协同发展）。

2.中国的“核安全观”（approach to nuclear security）

具体包括四个方面的内容：发展和安全并重，以确保安全为前提发展核能事业（the world should place equal emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the premise of security）；权利和义务并重，以尊重各国权益为基础推进国际核安全进程（rights and obligations should be given same attention, and rights and interests ought to be recognized with international nuclear security process being pushed forward）；自主和协作并重，以互利共赢为途径寻求普遍核安全（the international community should attach equal importance to independent and collaborative efforts, and seek universal nuclear security through win-win cooperation）；治标和治本并重，以消除根源为目标全面推进核安全努力（the world should place equal emphasis on treating symptoms and causes, and advance the nuclear security endeavor in all respects in a bid to remove risks at the root）。

3.米歇尔”访华”

“第一夫人外交”（first lady diplomacy）是美国一项外交传统，作为柔性外交（soft diplomacy）的重要承担者，美国第一夫人往往也是地位特殊的大使，在增强文化沟通（cultural exchange）、宣传国家形象（promote national image）、强化外交关系（strengthen diplomatic ties）等方面，起着不可替代的作用。

米歇尔此次携两个女儿和母亲共同访问中国，表明中美两国的关系并不限于领导人之间的会面交流，还有人民之间的交流（people-to-people exchange）。美国白宫网站专门制作的第一夫人访华的专题页面，公布了详细的日程（detailed schedule），米歇尔每天会更新一篇日志（travel log），同时会在社交媒体上用照片和等方式与网友互动。

米歇尔这次访华，也反映了双方对中美关系处于关键转折期的高度重视。中国希望与美国建立“新型大国关系”（a new model of China-US relationship），愿同美方加强对话（enhance dialogue），增进互信（boost mutual trust），深化合作（boost cooperation），妥处分歧（properly handle differences）。

4. “举行公投”可用hold a referendum

5. 马航失联客机（the missing Malaysian airliner）

6. “追逃”的英文表达就是hunt for those who have fled abroad。不仅要“追逃”，还要recover ill-gotten gains（追赃），并进一步加强preventing suspects from fleeing the country（防逃）工作。Duty-related crimes（职务犯罪）通常表现为offering and taking bribes （收受贿赂）和dereliction of duty（玩忽职守）。economic fugitives（经济逃犯），extradition treaties（引渡条约），这些贪官在离境前都会通过underground banks（地下钱庄）或非法投资等money laundering（洗钱）活动来transfer property（转移资产）。

7. 开正门，堵偏门。

Keep the front gate open and block the side doors.

有贪必反，有腐必惩

Fight every corrupt phenomenon, punish every corrupt official

遇万难需放胆，破困局要智慧

When confronted with mounting difficulties, one needs guts; and to tackle a difficult situation, one needs to have wisdom.

凡事不患有难，患不备

The thing we need to fear is not the difficulty, but the lack of preparedness.

简政放权

Streamlining administration and delegating power

让市场主体“法无禁止即可为”，让政府部门“法无授权不可为”

We need to ensure that market entities can do anything which are not prohibited by the law, and government departments must not do anything unless it is mandated by the law.

开了弓哪还有回头箭？我们只能是一抓到底、一往无前

How can a shot arrow be turned back? We are most determined to see this reform through.

放管结合都是体现公平原则。

The principle of equality will be observed in both power delegation and tightened oversight.

智者求同，愚者求异

Wise people will seek common interests, while the unwise will focus only on differences.

择宽处行，谋长久之利

Focus more on common ground in pursuit of long-term benefits.

吾道一以贯之

One needs to be persistent in the pursuit of an objective.

让广大人民受惠，我们义无反顾

To bring greater benefits to the people, we shall carry our reform through without any hesitation.

政府心头之痛

This is indeed deeply distressing for the government.

干一寸胜过说一尺

Even a small action is a lot more important than a thousand words.

向我们自身粗放的生产和生活方式宣战

We are going to declare a war against our own inefficient and unsustainable model of growth and way of life.

保基本、兜底线、促公平

We need to meet people’s basic living needs, make sure no one falls behind the social security minimum level, and promote social fairness.

政府工作人员应该以百姓之心为心

All government employees must treat such special needs of our people as if they were theirs.

8. “三个1亿人”问题可用three tasks concerning 100 million people来表示，具体说来就是：促进约1亿农业转移人口落户城镇（granting urban residency to around 100 million rural people who have moved to cities），改造约1亿人居住的城镇棚户区和城中村（rebuilding rundown city areas and villages inside cities where around 100 million people live），引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化（guiding the urbanization of around 100 million rural residents of the central and western regions in cities there）。

9. 周边外交（neighborhood diplomacy）

10. 政府工作报告中提到的各项“改革”

经济体制改革 reform of the economic system

要以经济体制改革为重点，区别情况，分类推进，抓好牵一发而动全身的举措，力求取得实质性进展，更多释放改革红利。

行政体制改革 reform of the administrative system

深入推进行政体制改革。进一步简政放权(streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level

governments)，这是政府的自我革命。

投资审批制度改革 reform of the investment approval system

深化投资审批制度改革，取消或简化前置性审批，充分落实企业投资自主权，推进投资创业便利化。

事业单位改革 reform of public institutions

基本完成省市县政府机构改革，继续推进事业单位改革。

工商登记制度改革 reform of business registration system

在全国实施工商登记制度改革，落实认缴登记制，由先证后照改为先照后证，由企业年检制度改为年报公示制度，让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。

财税体制改革 reform of fiscal and tax system

抓好财税体制改革这个重头戏。实施全面规范、公开透明的预算制度。

金融体制改革 reform of the financial system

深化金融体制改革。继续推进利率市场化，扩大金融机构利率自主定价权。

铁路投融资体制改革 reform of the railway investment and financing system

实施铁路投融资体制改革，在更多领域放开竞争性业务，为民间资本提供大显身手的舞台。

流通体制改革 reform of the distribution channels

要深化流通体制改革，清除妨碍全国统一市场的各种关卡，降低流通成本，促进物流配送、快递业和网络购物发展。充分释放十几亿人口蕴藏的巨大消费潜力。

农村改革 rural reform

积极推进农村改革。坚持和完善农村基本经营制度，赋予农民更多财产权利。

农村土地制度改革 reform of the rural land system

抓紧土地承包经营权及农村集体建设用地使用权确权登记颁证工作，引导承包地经营权有序流转，慎重稳妥进行农村土地制度改革试点。

集体林权制度改革 reform of collective forests right system

完善集体林权制度改革。

国有农牧林场改革 reform of State-owned farms, grazing land and forestry farms

加快国有农牧林场改革。

供销合作社综合改革 comprehensive reform of rural supply and marketing cooperatives

健全农业社会化服务体系，推进供销合作社综合改革试点。

户籍制度改革 reform of the household registration system

推动户籍制度改革，实行不同规模城市差别化落户政策。

科技体制改革 reform of the science and technology management system

加快科技体制改革。强化企业在技术创新中的主体地位，鼓励企业设立研发机构，牵头构建产学研协同创新联盟。 服务业综合改革 comprehensive reform of the service industry

优先发展生产性服务业，推进服务业综合改革试点和示范建设，促进文化创意和设计服务与相关产业融合发展，加快发展保险、商务、科技等服务业。

社会体制改革 reform of the social system

要深化社会体制改革，以更大的投入和更有力的举措，推动经济社会协调发展。

教育综合改革 comprehensive reform of the education sector

深化教育综合改革，积极稳妥改革考试招生制度，扩大省级政府教育统筹权和高校办学自主权，鼓励发展民办学校。 医疗体制改革 reform of the medical system

推动医改向纵深发展。巩固全民基本医保，通过改革整合城乡居民基本医疗保险制度。

公立医院综合改革 comprehensive reform of public hospitals

扩大城市公立医院综合改革试点。破除以药补医，理顺医药价格，创新社会资本办医机制。

文化体制改革 reform of the cultural system

继续深化文化体制改革，完善文化经济政策，增强文化整体实力和竞争力。

收入分配体制改革 reform of income distribution system

要深化收入分配体制改革，努力缩小收入差距。

社会救助制度改革 reform of the social assistance system

推进社会救助制度改革，继续提高城乡低保水平，全面实施临时救助制度，为特殊困难群众基本生活提供保障，为人们创业奋斗解除后顾之忧。

资源性产品价格改革 reform of resource products pricing

推进资源性产品价格改革，建立健全居民用水、用气阶梯价格制度。

11. 解读2014两会工作报告：4个“首次”

报告首次明确提出已经形成的Yangtze River Delta（长三角地区）、pan-Pearl River Delta（泛珠三角地区）、Bohai Sea region and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region（环渤海及京津冀地区）三大主要经济带的概念。

并提出要培育新的区域经济带，包括new economic development belt along the Yangtze River（长江经济带），以及economic belts that connect the coastal areas with the southwest, central south, northeast and northwest（与沿海连接的西南中南、东北、西北等经济支撑带）。

报告首次提出，“海洋是我们宝贵的蓝色国土”。“蓝色国土”可直译为blue national territory。

报告首次提出要declare war against pollution（向污染宣战）。

首次提出要促进Internet banking（互联网金融）的健康发展。

12. “三不”方针英文怎么说？

“不打棍子、不扣帽子、不抓辫子”的官方译法为don’t use a big stick, don’t label people and don’t pick on others’ faults。“不打棍子”的意思是不会粗暴对待持有批评意见的人，为了更加易于理解，我们也可以译为don’t use a stick on someone offering criticisms。

13. 政协开幕为昆明恐暴案遇难者“默哀”

“默哀”（silent tribute）是对逝者表示悼念的一种方式，“为…默哀”可用pay silent tribute to someone或observe a moment of silence for someone表示。在互联网普及的今天，不少人还会在网上敬献虚拟花圈（virtual wreath）对逝者进行网上悼念（online tribute）。四川汶川地震和青海玉树地震后，国家都设立了全国哀悼日（national mourning day），对遇难者进行悼念。

14. 今年全国两会主打“节俭风”，各驻地都提供简化服务（pared-down service），没有迎接仪式（no welcome ceremony）、没有鲜花礼品（no flowers or gifts），只有简洁的文件袋和会议须知（a small bag of printed materials and meeting agenda），文件传输尽量减少纸张使用（paper use），大部分实现网上办公（online office）。

15. Cyberpower（网络强国）由cyber和power两词合成，cyber作为前缀，代表与网络或电脑相关的事物，比如cyber space（网络空间），cyber-pal（网友），cyber attack（网络攻击）等；power作为名词除了指“权力”以外，也可以指在世界范围内颇有影响的“强国”，比如economic power（经济强国），superpower（超级强国）等。

16. 国家公祭日

全国人大审议的草案拟将9月3日设为抗日战争胜利纪念日，12月13日为南京大屠杀死难者公祭日。

“纪念日”多用memorial day表示，这里提到的“国家公祭日”可用national memorial day表示。制定中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日是为了更好地缅怀在中国人民抗日战争（War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression）中英勇献身的英烈和所有为中国人民抗日战争作出贡献的人们，铭记中国人民反抗日本帝国主义侵略的艰苦卓绝的斗争，表明中国人民坚决维护国家主权、领土完整和世界和平的坚定立场（Chinese people's stance of safeguarding national sovereignty and the territorial integrity as well as world peace）。

世界上其他国家设立的纪念日有：International Holocaust Remembrance Day（国际大屠杀纪念日，1月27日，全球，奥斯威辛集中营被解放纪念日，缅怀二战中的大屠杀遇难者），National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day（珍珠港纪念日，12月7日，美国，珍珠港事件发生日），Victory Day（胜利日，5月9日，俄罗斯，二战卫国战争胜利），Remembrance Day（阵亡将士纪念日，11月11日，英国，一战停战日，缅怀在战争中死去的人）。

17. “减刑”（commuted/reduced sentence，commutation of sentence）

“假释”（parole，conditional release）

“暂予监外执行”（temporary service outside prison）

18. “权力清单”英文表达是power lists

中央政府下令公布权力清单也是为了slash red tape（削减繁文缛节），取消不必要的行政审批事项。各级政府都将逐步推行mechanism of disclosing power lists（公开权力清单制度）。

19. 斯诺登当选格拉斯哥大学学生校长（student rector）

20. 加拿大政府日前推出“2014年经济行动计划（Economic Action Plan）”，该计划表明政府将取消积弊已久、效率低下的投资移民计划（Immigrant Investor Program）和企业家移民计划（Federal Entrepreneur Program），以构建一个快速灵活的移民体系。

21. 联络机制就是liaison mechanism

22. 奥巴马发布“国情咨文”

The State of the Union（国情咨文）是美国政府的施政纲领，主要阐明美国每年面临的国内外情况（condition of the nation），以及政府将要采取的政策措施(legislative agenda and national priorities)，每年年初由现任总统在国会发布。

在今年的国情咨文中，奥巴马称2014年是“行动之年（”year of action），并称将利用自己的决策权（executive authority）要求雇主为员工建立最低退休储蓄账户（"starter" retirement savings account），并督促国会通过紧急失业保险延伸法案（extension of emergency unemployment insurance）。

另外，奥巴马还表示，美国国会应该进一步放松转移犯人的限制，并关闭关塔那摩监狱（US prison at Guantanamo Bay）。他还继续为自己的医保改革（healthcare reform）辩护，称将继续为选民的权利（voter’s right）奋斗，并反对枪支暴力（gun violence）。

23. “中央一号文件”锁定“三农”主题

中共中央每年发布的首个政策性文件（policy document）被称为“中央一号文件”（No. 1 Central Document）。自2004年起，一号文件连续11年锁定“三农”主题（three rural issues： agriculture， rural areas and farmers）。

24. “裸官”不得提拔

中共中央组织部发布的条例规定，配偶移居国外的政府官员不得提拔。 配偶及子女移居海外的政府官员被称为“裸官”（naked officials），新发布的《干部任用条例》规定此类官员不得提拔，另外还规定，有跑官、拉票行为的官员（those who lobby for higher positions）也不得提拔。

跟“裸”有关的说法，近几年出现了很多，比如，裸婚（naked wedding），即无房无车无钻戒结婚；裸捐（to donate one’s entire fortune to charity after his death）；裸辞（naked resignation），即没有找好下家就辞职，等等。

25. “高压态势”就是high-handed posture，这意味着政府将采取high-handed measures（高压手段）反腐

26. Official receptions就是“公务接待”，是我们常说的“三公”之一，另外两个是government vehicles（公车）和overseas trips（因公出国）。

此次出台的《规定》适用于各级党的机关（party organizations at all levels）、人大机关(legislative bodies)、行政机关(administrative bodies)、政协机关(advisory bodies)、审判机关(judicial authority)、检察机关(prosecuting authority)，以及工会、共青团、妇联等人民团体和参照公务员法管理事业单位的国内公务接待行为。

十八大以后，中共中央提出党的群众路线（mass line）教育学习活动，各地都展开针对形式主义（formalism）、官僚主义（bureaucratism）、享乐主义（hedonism）和奢靡之风（extravagance）的反“四风”活动。

27. Official residence system就是“官邸制”，是由国家为一定级别的官员(officials at certain levels)在任期内提供住房的一种制度，是许多发达国家普遍采用的做法（common practice），比如美国白宫、英国唐宁街十号等。官员任期结束后就要搬离官邸。与其相对的“私邸”自然就是private residence。在国外，官员的官邸和私邸是严格区别的。私邸是官员跟老百姓一样在市场上购买的私人财产（personal assets），官邸只能在任职期间居住，个人没有产权（property right）。 福利分房（welfare-oriented distribution of public housing）和住房补贴（living allowance）等政策被指造成不少官员腐败。超标准配备生活用房(using houses beyond standard)，多处占用住房（occupying houses in multiple places），利用手中的权力收受房产贿赂(using their power to accept houses of bribes)，成为官员住房腐败的主要表现形式。

28. “空气穹顶”也称“空气净化穹顶”，英文表达是air dome。这是为了保证学生在重度雾霾天气依然能进行“户外”活动。

29. 央行着手“互联网金融监管”