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2021年英语四级翻译练习题及译文()

发布时间:2024-03-29 06:42:37 影响了:

 2021 年英语四级翻译练习题 及译文 (6 篇)

 1.进入 21 世纪,世界形势继续发生深刻变化,多极化与经济全球化在曲折中深入发展,科技进步突飞猛进,人类社会前进的步伐加快,新情况、新矛盾层出不穷。维护世界和平、促进共同发展是各国人民的共同使命。国际社会在探索与实践中,更加深刻地认识到,应该站在时代发展和人类进步的高度,以合作谋和平,以合作促发展,努力扩大各国利益的汇合点,寻求互利共赢。中国的和平发展道路是一条在维护世界和平中发展自己,又以自身发展促进世界和平的道路;就是要以科学发展观为指导,实现全面,协调和可持续发展,努力构建社会主义和谐社会。

 译文:

 Since entering the 21st century the world has continued to undergo profound changes. World particularization and economic globalization are developing in greater depth amid twists and turns. Science and technology are making rapid progress as human society advances at accelerated pace. New situations and new contradictions keep cropping up without letup. Maintaining world peace and promoting common development remain the mission of all countries in the world. Thanks to its exploration and practice, the international community has arrived at a deeper understanding that it must secure peace and promote development through cooperation in the interest of progressing times and

 human advancement and seek mutual benefits and win-win results by earnestly expanding the convergence of interests of all countries. China s peaceful development is a path of developing itself while maintaining world peace and promoting world peace with its own development. With the guideline of the concept of scientific development, China will achieve a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development and build a harmonious socialist society. 2.尽管中国古代神话(mythology)没有十分完整的情节,神话人物也没有系统的家谱(genealogy),但它们却有着鲜明的东方文化特色,其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神(the spirit of esteeming virtue)。这种尚德精神在与西方神话特别是希腊神话比较时,显得更加突出。在西方神话尤其是希腊神话中,对神的褒贬标准多以智慧、力量为准则,而中国古代神话对神的褒贬则多以道德为准绳。这种思维方式深植于中国的文化之中。几千年来,这种尚德精神影响着人们对历史人物的品评与现实人物的期望。

 译文:

 Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological figures don"t have systematic genealogy, they have distinct features of oriental culture, among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant. When compared with Western mythology,

 especially Greek mythology, this spirit of esteeming virtue is even more prominent. In Western mythology, especially Greek mythology, the criteria for judging whether a god is good or not are mostly the god"s wisdom and strength, while in ancient Chinese mythology, the criterion lies in morality. This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture. For thousands of years, this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected people"s comments on historical figures and expectations of real people. 词句点拨:

 1.神话人物:可译为 mythological figures。

 2.系统的家谱:可译为 systematic genealogy。其中 systematic意为系统的,是 system 的形容词形式。

 3.其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神:将此句译为定语从句 among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant,承接前一句,可以使译文结构更加紧凑,逻辑更加清晰。

 3. 皮影戏 (shadow play)是中国的一种民间艺术,拥有悠久的历史。皮影戏所需要的演员是用牛皮做的皮影人形,由一个或几个人控制着,并用光将它们反射到幕布上。皮影戏在陕西和甘肃地区最为流行,经常在庙会、婚礼和葬礼等场合演出。皮影戏是用来驱邪的,人们希望皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运。精致生动的皮影人形已经成为一种收藏品,深受外国人的喜爱。

 表达难点 :

 1.第 1 句可用并列结构译出(Shadow play is a... and has ...),但不如把后半句“拥有......”处理成后置定语,用介词短语 with a long history 表达来得简洁。

 2.第 2 句较长,可将其拆译成两个句子。在“皮影戏所需要的演员”中,定语“所需要”可以省略不译,译成 The actors or actresses in a shadow play...即可将意思表达清楚。“用牛皮做的”可译为过去分词短语 made of...,作 figures 的后置定语,使句子结构清晰简洁。在翻译“由……,并……”时,需补充主语“皮影人形”。其中前半句可处理成方式状语,用现在分词短语的被动语态来表达,译作 Being controlled by...;“用光”表方式,可译为 via light。

 3.在第 3 句中,“陕西”和“甘肃”宜补译性质 Province(省);“经常在……等场合演出”为无被动标识词的被动句,应译为 is performed in...,并可承前省略 is。

 4.第 4 句中的“皮影戏是用来驱邪的”可处理为原因状语,译作With the purpose of driving out evil spirits;“皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运”作“希望"(wish)的宾语,可用 that 引导的宾语从句来表达,译为 (that) the performance of shadow play will...。

 译文:

 Shadow play is a form of Chinese folk art with a long history. The actors or actresses in a shadow play are figures made of cow leather. Being controlled by one or several persons, these

 figures are reflected via light on the screen. Shadow play is most popular in the area of Shanxi and Gansu Provinces and often performed in the temple fairs, wedding ceremonies and funeral ceremonies, etc. With the purpose of driving out evil spirits, people wish that the performance of shadow play will bring them good fortune. Delicate and vivid shadow figures have become a kind of collection and are greatly loved by foreigners. 4. 五行学说 (the theory of five elements)是中国古代的一种物质观。五行包括金、木、水、火和土五种要素。五行学说强调整体概念,描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式。五行学说认为宇宙万物都是基于这五种要素的运行和变化。这五个要素相互作用,不但影响到人的命运,同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。五行学说成熟干汉代 (the Han Dynasty),之后广泛应用于中医、建筑和武术(martial arts}等领域。

 难点

 1.第 2 句五行中的“金”指“金属”,而非“黄金”,故第 2 句中应译为 metal,而非 gold。

 2.第 3 句中的第 2 个分句“描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式”可处理为状语,表伴随状态,用分词短语 describing the structural relationships and forms of movement of matters 来表达。

 3.第4句中的“五行学说认为”可译为the theory holds that...,亦可译为 according to the theory,承前句,“五行学说”可简单

 转换表达为“该学说”(the theory)。

 “宇宙万物”可译为the universe,强调整体,也可表达为 everything in the universe。

 4.第 5 句有三个分句,可把“这五个要素相互作用”处理成主干,“不但影响到……,同时也使宇宙万物……”处理为结果状语,用分词短语来表达,“不但……同时也”可用结构 both... and...或... as well as...来表达,故整句译为 These five elements interact with each other, affecting...as well as making...。

 5.最后一句“五行学说成熟于汉代,之后广泛应用于……”可用并列结构译出:The theory got mature in the Han Dynasty and was widely employed...。翻译宾语“中医、建筑和武术等领域”时,先译出中心词 fields,再用 like 或者 such as 来引出例子。

 译文:

 The theory of five elements is a concept of matter in ancient China. The five elements include metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The theory of five elements emphasizes on an overall concept, describing the structural relationships and forms of movement of matters. The theory holds that everything in the universe is based on the movement and change of these five elements. These five elements interact with each other, affecting a person"s fate as well as making the universe move in endless cycles. The theory got mature in the Han Dynasty and was widely employed in the fields like traditional Chinese

 medicine, architecture, and martial arts. 5. 香港是坐落于中国南端的-个弹丸小岛,150 多年前,还被形容为“荒芜之地”(barren rock)。优越的战略位置、通讯条件(communications)和商业文化,促进了香港经济和社会迅速发展。如今,香港已发展成为一个 国际金融商贸中心,并与近 200 个国家和地区的公司有商业往来。在日趋全球化的经济中,香港正扮演着一个 非常重要的角色。我们相信,香港的未来会更加光明灿烂。

 难点

 1.第 1 句前后两个分句间联系不太紧密,可将其“拆译”为两个独立的句子。其中,第 1 个分句可译为 Hong Kong is a tiny island located in southern China,也可省略“坐落”(located)不译,因为意思已表达完整。

 “弹丸小岛”中的“弹丸”与“小”同义,译为 a tiny island 即可。

 2.第 2 句“优越的......,促进了......”若直译为... have greatly boosted Hong Kong"s economy and society,则主语太长,不符合英语表达习惯。可将句首的 3 个并列主语处理成表原因的介词结构,如 Due to...,符合英语多用介词结构的表达习惯。

 3.第 3 句中的“国际金融商贸中心”可直译为 a world-class financial and trading center,但因 center 前面的修饰成分太长,稍显头重脚轻,故处理为 a financial and trading center in the world。“公司”的定语“近 200 个国家和地区的”较长,故将其处理成后置定语,用介词短语 in nearly 200 countries and regions 来

 表达。

 4.第 4 句中的“扮演着......重要的角色”可套用短语 play an important role in...。状语“在日趋全球化的经济中”,按照英文表达习惯,置于句末,译作介词短语 in the increasingly globalized economy。

 5.最后一句直译为 We believe that Hong Kong"s future will become brighter and more brilliant,稍显生硬。可考虑照应前文的论述主体(香港),将定语部分的“香港”转换为主语,将原句的主语“未来”转换成宾语,即将该句译作 We believe that Hong Kong will have a brighter and more brilliant future。

 译文:

 Hong Kong is a tiny island in southern China. It was described as a "barren rock" over 150 years ago. Due to its superior strategic location, communications and business culture, Hong Kong"s economy and society are greatly boosted. Now it has become a financial and trading center in the world. It has commercial links with corporations in nearly 200 countries and regions. Hong Kong is playing an important role in the increasingly globalized economy. We believe that Hong Kong will have a brighter and more brilliant future. 6. 泥塑 (clay figurine)是中国古老的民间艺术之一。它的历史可以追溯到新石器时代(the Neolithic Period)。泥塑以粘土为原料,

 用手工塑制成人、花、鸟、虫、鱼等各种形象,其中以“泥人张”(Clay Figurine Zhang) 的泥塑最为出名。“泥人张”制作的塑像精美而生动,富有浓郁的地域风情。随着中国旅游业的发展,泥塑已经成为广受欢迎的旅游纪念品,得到世界各地游客的青睐。

 难点

 1.第 1 句中的“……是中国古老的民间艺术之一”可逐字对译为...is one of Chinese old folk arts,但不如译为...is one of the old folk arts in China 顺口地道。

 2.第 3 句中的“以粘土为原料”为方式状语,用介词短语 with the clay as raw material 来表达,“用手工塑制成的主语为“泥塑”,实则表被动,故译为 clay figurines are made manually into。“其中以‘泥人张’的泥 塑最为出名”是解释说明“泥塑”的,故可用among which 引导的非限制性定语从句来译出,表达为 among which the most CEunous are those by Clay Figurine Zhang,用 those 来代替 clay figurines,以避免重复。

 3.第 4 句中的“精美而生动”是“泥人张”制作的塑像的特点,为该句所强调的重点,因此应将 delicate and vivid 置于句首表强调。“‘泥人张’制作的塑像”则移...

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