地理美国ppt

地理美国ppt篇一：美国概况地理人文

The United States of America

美国概况

Geography 美国地理

I. Location and Size

A. Name

a. the United States of America

b. the United States

c. the U.S.

d. America

B. Location

The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada (加拿大) to its north, Mexico (墨西哥) and the Gulf of Mexico (墨西哥湾) to its south, the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋) to its east and the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) to its west. The two newest states Alaska (阿拉斯加) and Hawaii (夏威夷) are separated from the continental United States: Alaska borders on northwestern Canada, and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.

C. Benefit of its location

The United States has an ideal location for trade. Its Atlantic coast faces the developed countries of Western Europe and its Pacific coast and Hawaii give the nation an approach to the Far East (远东) and Australasia (澳大利西亚). In the past the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans served as natural barriers between the United States and the rest of the world. This allowed the United States to grow and become strong with little outside interference. Today with the development of the means of communication and transportation the world has become smaller and the United States is well connected to the rest of the world.

D. Land area

a. The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.

b. The U.S. is a federal republic with many states.

48 states +Alaska +Hawaii (1959)

Alaska: largest

Rhode Island: smallest

Texas: the largest on the main land

Ⅱ. Topography——The Face of the Land

A. Two mountain ranges 两大山脉

a. the Appalachian mountains/ the Appalachians 阿巴拉契亚山脉

走向：from the northeast to southwest

older, lower

noted for forests and mines

seven different local names:

阿巴拉契亚山脉在不同地区的七个名称：

the Green Mountains 格林山脉

the White Mountains 怀特山脉

the Catskills 卡茨基尔山脉

the Alleghenies阿勒格民山脉

the Cumberlands 坎伯兰山脉

the Blue Ridge mountains 蓝山山脉

the Great Smokies 大雾山脉

b. the Rocky mountains/ the Rockies 落基山脉

走向：from the northwest of southeast

younger, higher——as young as the Himalayas 喜玛拉雅山脉

——the highest peak: the Elbert 坎尔伯特峰

Known as ①the backbone of the North American continent 北美大陆的脊梁

②the Continental Divide 大陆分水岭

The tops of the Rocky Mountain chain form the imaginery north-south line known as the Continental Divide. It separates the major river systems of the United States. The rivers that descend from the eastern slopes of the Rockies flow into the Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico. Those that begin on the western slopes of the Rockies flow to the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California.

B. Rivers and Lakes

a. Rivers

① The Mississippi 密西西比河

The Mississippi, lying between the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains is one of the world’s great continental rivers. The Mississippi proper (干流) rises in the lake region in North Minnesota (明尼苏达州北部) and flows south to the Gulf of Mexico. It is 3,782 kilometres long.

②The Missouri 密苏里河

the chief headstream of the Mississippi

The Missouri rises in southwest Montana among the Rocky mountains. It runs 3,725 kilometres before it joins the Mississippi at St. Louis.

③The Ohio 俄亥俄河

It flows from the rainy east at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and joins the Mississippi at Cairo, Illinois. It is about 1,500 kilometres long.

The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr (after the Ruhr River 鲁尔河in Germany). As in Germany, the area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well-known for its steel industry. The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.

④The Colorado 科罗拉多河

⑤The Columbia 哥伦比亚河：rises in Canada

The Colorado River rises in the snow-capped Rocky Mountains. It flows 2,330 kilometres and empties into the Gulf of California (加利福尼亚湾). In the dry western country, both rivers are vital sources of life. The Colorado drains an enormous area. All the farms and cities of the southwestern corner of the country depend on its water. Today a system of dams have been built on the river to supply water and electricity for farms, factories and homes.

⑥The Rio Grande River 格兰德河

The Rio Grande River rises in the southern Rocky mountains and flows to the Gulf of Mexico. It is about 3,200 kilometres long and forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.

⑦The Hudson 哈得孙河

⑧The Potomac 波托马克河

b. Lakes

The Great Lakes (五大湖区)：They are all located between Canada and the U.S. except Lake Michigan.

①Lake Superior 苏必利尔湖：the largest fresh water

lake in the world 全世界第一大淡水湖

② Lake Michigan 密歇根湖：the only one entirely in the U.S.

③ Lake Huron 休伦湖

④ Lake Erie伊利湖

⑤ Lake Ontario 安大略湖

The Importance of the Great Lakes 五大湖的重要性

These lakes are joined together by canals and are linked to the Mississippi River and its tributaries in the Interior Plains and the Atlantic Ocean forming a complete system of waterways. The Great Lakes are the economic lifeline of the Midwest. They provide cheap transportation for materials such as iron ore, coal, and grain. The upper lakes region is a land of great natural wealth, whereas the lower lakes region is a land of industries. The cheap and easy transportation between these two regions is of great importance.

C. Benefits of the topography of U.S.

The United States is a varied land of forests, deserts, mountains, plateaus and fertile plains. ①The long and irregular seacoasts provide many excellent harbours. ②The mountains are rich in mineral resources. ③The fertile gently rolling plains are easy to cultivate. ④A large network of lakes and the Atlantic and Gulf rivers links the interior of the country with the coastal cities. ⑤Many swift rivers provide good sources of hydroelectric power. The United States is a large country, but no single part of it is isolated from other parts. The topography and the excellent system of internal transportation have made possible the free exchange of goods among all sections of the country. With the increased use of automobiles and airplanes, people now travel easily from one part of the country to another.

Ⅲ. Climate 气候

A. Six types of climate

① the humid continental climate 湿润的大陆性气候

in the north-eastern part of the country (New England)

② the humid subtropical climate 湿润的亚热带气候

in the south-eastern part

③ the continental steppe climate 大陆性草原气候

the Great Plains

④ the continental desert climate 大陆性沙漠气候

the inter mountain region

⑤ the maritime climate 海洋性气候

the Pacific northwest

⑥ the Mediterranean climate 地中海式气候

the southern part of the Pacific coast in California

B. Factors influence the climate of the U.S.

Many factor beside latitude influence the climate in the United States. Large bodies of water such as the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the Gulf of Mexico and the Great Lakes are the most important factors. They keep temperatures moderate in the regions bordering them. Ocean

currents also influence the climate over wide regions. The Gulf stream (墨西哥湾暖流), the Labrador Current (拉布拉多寒流), the cool California Current (加利福尼亚寒流) and the Japan current (日本暖流) are the most important ones. The mountain ranges are another factor. For example, the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges prevent westerly winds from bringing moisture to the intermountain region of the West.

Ⅳ. Geographical Regions 地理区划

Traditionally from the east to west the United States can be divided into seven geographical regions. They are New England, the Middle Atlantic states, the Midwest, the South, the Great Plains, Rockies and Intermountain region or the American West, the Pacific Coast and the New States.

①New England 新英格兰

——The birthplace of America 美国的发源地

——Famous for its position in education:

Yale 耶鲁大学

Harvard 哈佛大学

the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 麻省理工学院

——New Englanders were originally known as Yankees (杨基佬), which came to stand for all Americans.

②The Middle Atlantic States 大西洋中部各州

——a highly industrialized area

the nerve centre of the country 全国的神经中枢

——Famous cities: Washington D.C., New York

③The Midwest 中西部

——It’s America’s most important agricultural area

It is also a major manufacturing region and the nation’s leading centre of heavy industry. ——Chicago 芝加哥

Detroit 底特律: the automobile capital of the world Toledo and Cleveland 托莱多和克利夫兰（俄亥俄州）

St. Louis 圣·路易丝

Omaha 奥马哈：the agricultural capital of the United States

④The South 南部

——rich in mineral resources

——one of the richest oil-producing regions in the world

——Florida 佛罗里达

⑤The American West 美国西部

——3 parts: the Great Plains

the Rocky Mountains

the Intermountain Basin and Plateaus

——Colorado 科罗拉多：the steel city of the west

Denver 丹佛

——Mining is the chief industry in the Rocky Mountains.

Another important industry is the tourist trade (旅游业)

National Parks: 国家公园

①Yellowstone National Park: 黄石国家公园

②Rocky Mountain National Park: 落基山国家公园

③Glacier National Park: 冰川国家公园

——Hoover Dam 胡佛水坝

——the Grand Canyon 科罗拉多大峡谷

⑥The region of the Pacific Coast 太平洋沿岸地区

——California’s Imperial Valley 帝国山谷

——Los Angeles 洛杉矶

San Francisco 旧金山

Portland 波特兰

Seattle 西雅图

⑦Alaska and Hawaii

——Geographical differences between Alaska and Hawaii

a. Alaska extends northward into the Arctic Circle, and Hawaii extends southward into the Tropic of Cancer.

b. Alaska has the largest land area of all the states, and Hawaii has one of the smallest land areas.

c. Alaska is rich in natural resources, and Hawaii has rich volcanic soil.

——Inuits 因纽特人

Eskimos 爱斯基摩人

——Mauna Loa 冒纳罗亚火山：the world’s largest active volcano

——Sugar cane and pineapples are Hawaii’s two main crops.

——Tourism is Hawaii’s most important industry.

Population, Race and Ethnic Groups

人口与民族

I. Introduction

A. The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in July 1992, is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.

B. Immigration (移民) accounts for a major source of population growth. The United States had a more or less open-door policy to immigrants from independence until the 1960s. Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration reception spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century. Even with later restrictions, immigration has continued at a high level.

C. Great changes took place in the recent decades in the population of different regions in the United States. Such population movements reflected the shift from traditional manufacturing industries in the Northeast and Midwest to high-technology industries, whose growth has been most notable in the sunbelt states of the South and Mountain regions. Arizona (亚利桑那), Nevada and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.

D. Most of the population in the United States live in city areas. The biggest city was New York, which was followed by Los Angeles (洛杉矶), Chicago (芝加哥), San Francisco (旧金山) and Philadelphia (费城).

E. Changes in age structure during the 1980s reflect past trends in child bearing: the low birth rate in the two decades ending in 1945, the higher birth rate during the “baby boom” (1946-1964) and the lower birth rate afterwards.

Ⅱ. Immigration

地理美国ppt篇二：美国地理部分

美国部分

chapter 13 geography 地理位置

1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Canada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.

阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。（本细节还有考"一句话简答"的可能）

2.The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia,Canada and China.

就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。 3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.

所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。

4.The Rockies,the backbone of the North American Continent,is also known as the Continental Divide.

落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭。

5.The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.

阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。（本细节有考"一句话简答题"的可能）

6.The Mississippi River is the largest river in American,over 6000 kilometers.The Mississippi has been called "father of waters"or "old man river"

密西西比河是美国最长河流，有被称作"众水之父"或"老人河"。

7.The Ohio river has been called the American Ruhr,As in Germany, the area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry.The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.

俄亥俄河被称作美国的鲁尔河，就像德国一样，沿河有丰富的高品千周的焦煤，并且因其钢铁而著名。另外，该河还为原材料提供了廉价的水路运输。

8.On the Pacific side there are two great rivers:the Colorado in the south and the Columbia ,which rises in Canada.

太平洋沿岸有两大河：科罗拉多河及哥伦比亚河。

9。The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.

格兰德河是美国和墨西哥之间的开然界河（本细节考选择和简答可能性大） 10.the most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior,which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ,the only entirely in the U.S.,Lake Huron,Lake Eire and Lake Ontario.They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.

美国最重要的湖泊是五大湖：苏必利尔湖，密歇根湖，休伦湖，伊利湖和安大略湖，其中，苏必利尔湖为世界最大淡水湖，密歇根湖完全是美国境地内。

11。美国气候概述

1) A humid continental climate(湿润的大陆性气候） is found in the north-eastern part of the country.

2) In the south-eastern United States you can find a humid subtropical climate.(湿润的亚热带气

候---东南部）

3）The Pacific northwest is favored with a maritime climate海洋性气候--太平洋西北岸）

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4）The southern part of the Pacific coast in California（加州太平洋沿岸南部） has a Mediterranean climate (地中海式气候)with warm,dry summers and moist winters.

12.Many factors besides latitude influence the climate in the United States.Perhaps the most important forces are the Atlantic and Pacific oceans,the Gulf of Mexick ,and the Great Lakes. 影响美国气候的最主要的因素为：太平洋，和大西泮，墨西哥湾，五大湖。

13.Traditionally from the east to the west the United States can be divided into seven geographical regions.美国从东到西可分为七个地理区。

14.New English is made up of six states of the Northeast .Becaust of its stony soil it is not noted for its agriculture .Dairying is the most inportant farm activity,New English is also well-known for its position in education,Many famous universities and colleges such as Yale,Harvard,thd Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) are located here.

新英格兰由美国东北部六个州组成，由于土壤多石，不利于农业生产，乳制品业是最重要的农业活动，许多重点大学如耶鲁大学，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院都坐落于此。

15。New Englanders were originally knows as Yankees,which came to stand for alll American.新英格兰人最初曾被称作"美国佬：这一名称，后来渐渐指所有的美国人。（选择）

16。The Middle Atlantic States have about one fifth of the total population of the united states.大西洋中部各州的人口占美国总人口的1/5。

17.The soil is rich,the rain usually pientiful and the growing season long,These factors make the Midwest America's most important agricultural area .It is also a major manufacturing region and the nation's leading center of heavy industry.

中西部地区是美国最重要的农业区，也是主要的制造业区各最主要的重工业区。

18.Chicago,the largest and busiest port on the Great Lakes, is the largest industral and commercial center of the area.芝加哥是五大湖最大最忙的港口，也是该地区最大的工商业中心。

19.Detroit is known as the automobile capital of the world.Omaha is known as the agricultural cap

ital of the United states.底特律被称作"汽车之都，奥马哈被称作农业之都。

20.Dry farming ,irrigation farming,and the cattle and sheep herding are the main cativities of the Great Plains of the American West.

旱地农业，灌溉农业和牛羊牧业是美国西部大平原地区的主要活动。

21.Colorado has been called the steel city of the west ,Denver is the largest city of the Great Plains.科罗拉多市被称作"西部钢城"，丹佛市是大平原地区最大的城市。

22。the largest groups of Native Americans are found on the Colorado Plateau.

美国最大的土著群落位于科罗拉多高原。

23.Mmauna Loa,the world's largest volcano,is located on Haiwaii and erupts from time to time,Suger cane and pineapples a Haiwaii's main

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crops.Tourism is Haiwaii's most important industry.莫纳洛阿火山是世界最大和活火山，甘蔗和菠罗是夏威夷的两大作物，旅游业是夏威夷最重要的产业。

24。Honolulu is the capital of Haiwaii and Juneau is the capital of Alaska.

火奴鲁鲁是夏威夷的首府，朱诺是阿拉斯加的首府。

第十三章 美国地理位置 Geography

Chapter: 13 geography 地理位置

1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Canada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.

阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。（本细节还有考“一句话简答”的可能）

2。The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia,Canada and China.

就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。 3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.

所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。 4。The Rockies,the backbone of the North American Continent,is also known as the Continental Divide.

落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭。

5。

The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.

阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。（本细节有考“一句话简答题”的可能） 6。The Mississippi River is the largest river in American,over 6000 kilometers.The Mississ(来自:www.hnnSCY.cOm 博文学习 网:地理美国ppt)ippi has been called "father of waters"or "old man river"

密西西比河是美国最长河流，有被称作“众水之父”或“老人河”。

7。The Ohio river has been called the American Ruhr,As in Germany, the area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry.The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.

俄亥俄河被称作美国的鲁尔河，就像德国一样，沿河有丰富的高品千周的焦煤，并且因其钢铁而著名。另外，该河还为原材料提供了廉价的水路运输。

8。On the Pacific side there are two great rivers:the Colorado in the south and the Columbia ,which rises in Canada.

太平洋沿岸有两大河：科罗拉多河及哥伦比亚河。

9。The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.

格兰德河是美国和墨西哥之间的开然界河（本细节考选择和简答可能性大） 10。the most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior,which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ,the only entirely in the U.S.,Lake Huron,Lake Eire and Lake Ontario.They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.

美国最重要的湖泊是五大湖：苏必利尔湖，密歇根湖，休伦湖，伊利湖和安

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大略湖，其中，苏必利尔湖为世界最大淡水湖，密歇根湖完全是美国境地内。

11。美国气候概述

1) A humid continental climate(湿润的大陆性气候） is found in the north-eastern part of the country.

2) In the south-eastern United States you can find a humid subtropical climate.(湿润的亚热带气候---东南部）

3）The Pacific northwest is favored with a maritime climate海洋性气候--太平洋西北岸）

4）The southern part of the Pacific coast in California（加州太平洋沿岸南部） has a Mediterranean climate (地中海式气候）with warm,dry summers and moist winters. 12。

Many factors besides latitude influence the climate in the United States.Perhaps the most important forces are the Atlantic and Pacific oceans,the Gulf of Mexick ,and the Great Lakes.

影响美国气候的最主要的因素为：太平洋，和大西泮，墨西哥湾，五大湖。 13。Traditionally from the east to the west the United States can be divided into seven geographical regions.美国从东到西可分为七个地理区。

14。New English is made up of six states of the Northeast .Becaust of its stony soil it is not noted for its agriculture .Dairying is the most inportant farm activity,New English is also well-known for its position in education,Many famous universities and colleges such as Yale,Harvard,thd Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) are located here.

新英格兰由美国东北部六个州组成，由于土壤多石，不利于农业生产，乳制品业是最重要的农业活动，许多重点大学如耶鲁大学，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院都坐落于此。

15。New Englanders were originally knows as Yankees,which came to stand for alll American.新英格兰人最初曾被称作“美国佬：这一名称，后来渐渐指所有的美国人。（选择）

16。The Middle Atlantic States have about one fifth of the total population of the united states.大西洋中部各州的人口占美国总人口的1/5。

17。The soil is rich,the rain usually pientiful and the growing season long,These factors make the Midwest America''s most important agricultural area .It is also a major manufacturing region and the nation''s leading center of heavy industry.

中西部地区是美国最重要的农业区，也是主要的制造业区各最主要的重工业区。

18。Chicago,the largest and busiest port on the Great Lakes, is the largest industral and commercial center of the area.芝加哥是五大湖最大最忙的港口，也是该地区最大的工商业中心。

19。Detroit is known as the automobile capital of the world.Omaha is known as the agricultural capital of the United states.底特律被称作“汽车之都，奥马哈被称作农业之都。

20。Dry farming ,irrigation farming,and the cattle and sheep herding are the main cativities of the Great Plains of the American West.

旱地农业，灌溉农业和牛羊牧业是美国西部大平原地区的主要活动。

21。Colorado has been called the steel city of the west ,Denver is the largest city of the Great Plains.科罗拉多市被称作“西部钢城”，丹佛市是大平原地区最大的城市。

22。

the largest groups of Native Americans are found on the Colorado Plateau.

美国最大的土著群落位于科罗拉多高原。

23.

Mmauna Loa,the world''s largest volcano,is located on Haiwaii and erupts from time to time,Suger cane and pineapples a Haiwaii''s main crops.Tourism is Haiwaii''s most important industry.莫纳洛阿火山是世界最大和活火山，甘蔗和菠罗是夏威夷的两大作物，旅游业是夏威夷最重要的产业。

24。Honolulu is the capital of Haiwaii and Juneau is the capital ofAlaska.

火奴鲁鲁是夏威夷的首府，朱诺是阿拉斯加的首府

地理美国ppt篇三：美国各州地理表格